Survival of mite infested ( Varroa destructor )honeybee ( Apis mellifera ) colonies in a Nordic climate
A study performed southern tip of Gotland,an island in the Baltic sea where 150 colonies were left unmanaged with varroa mites. After 6 years it appeared that a host-parasite co-adaptation occured with the 5 colonies, plus an addition to 8 swarm colonies that remained.